1. Kodi chitoliro chachitsulo chija ndi chiani?
Chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chimapangidwa mwa kujowina mbale zachitsulo kapena mzere kudzera njira zowonerera. Amadziwika chifukwa kukhazikika kwake, mphamvu zake, komanso kusiyanasiyana.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya njira zowerira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro chachitsulo chotchedwa. Njira imodzi yofala ndi Kulimbana ndi Magetsi, komwe kumagetsi kumadutsa pazitsulo kuti mufufuze m'mphepete limodzi. Wina ndi wowunikiridwa wowotcha, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupanga chipewa pansi pa chimfine chakumaso.
Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zazitsulo zoweta ndizachitsulo chachitsulo kapena chitsulo chotsika. Zipangizozi zimapereka mphamvu kwambiri komanso kuthana ndi kututa. Mwachitsanzo, matumba ovala maboni otsetsereka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, mafuta ndi mafuta m'mapaipi a mafuta chifukwa choperewera komanso kukhazikika.
Mapaipi achitsulo otchedwa uve amatha kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe kuti akwaniritse zosowa zingapo zamafakitale. Akhozanso kuphatikizidwanso ndi zida monga zokutira zokuthandizani kuti zigwirizane ndi mavuto awo.
Pomaliza, mapaipi achitsulo otchedwa ndi gawo lofunikira pa makampani achitsulo, kupereka njira yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo kwa mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito chitoliro chachitsulo
2.1 mu mafakitale
Chitoliro chachitsulo chotchedwa chimagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. M'makampani omanga, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zikwangwani, thandizo la mawonekedwe, komanso monga gawo lomanga chimanga. Mphamvu zake ndi kukhazikika kwake zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa ntchito zazikulu zomanga. Makampani opanga mafuta ndi gasi amadalira kwambiri mapaipi achitsulo ophatikizika ponyamula mafuta opanda pake, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndi zinthu zina zopangira mafuta. Kutha kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri komanso malo okhala, mapaipi awa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yochotsera komanso kugawa mphamvu zothandizira mphamvu. Pakupanga mapaipi achitsulo otchetcha amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina, magawo a magalimoto, ndi zida za mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo.
2.2 Zolozera zomangamanga
Muzolojekiti zomangamanga, mapaipi achitsulo obiriwira ndizofunikira pakumanga mapaipi ndi milatho. Mapaipi opangidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chotchedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula madzi, mpweya, ndi mafuta mtunda wautali. Adapangidwa kuti athe kupirira kukakamizidwa ndi chilengedwe cha ma perrains osiyanasiyana. Brididge nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo omwe amathandizira. Mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa mapaipi achitsulo obiriwira amapereka bata ndi kulimba mpaka maulalo ofunikira oyendera. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi achitsulo otchetcha angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zikwangwani, makoma osungunuka, ndi zina zopingasa.
2.3 M'nyumba ndi malonda
M'makina apanyumba ndi malonda, mapaipi achitsulo omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu angapo. M'magawo amphaka olumbira, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula madzi ndi zinyalala. Kukhazikika ndi kuwonongeka kwa matumbo obiriwira omwe amawapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chodalirika pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Nyumba zamalonda zimagwiritsanso ntchito mapaipi achitsulo otenthetsera, mpweya wabwino, ndi zowongolera mpweya (hvac). Mapaipi awa amathandiza pakugawidwa kwa mpweya ndi kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi achitsulo otchedwa amatha kupezeka kukhitchini, chifukwa cha mafuta ndi ngalande. Pomaliza, matope achitsulo ozungulira amakhala ndi gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo yathu, kuchokera ku ntchito zamakampani ogwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga ndi ma pochita malonda.
Post Nthawi: Oct-31-2024